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MIT Advocacy in Action at the AACR’s 2025 Hill Day

Koch Institute

MIT Koch Institute postdoc Meaghan McGeary traveled to Washington, DC to advocate for increased federal funding for cancer research as part of the annual American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Hill Day. Joining other early-career scientists in a mission to make more than 50 congressional visits in a single day, she shared her experiences with policymakers, emphasizing the importance of stable research funding.  

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Personalized Vaccine Persists

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

A study published in Nature Medicine highlights the effectiveness of a personalized cancer vaccine developed by a Bridge Project team including Bradley Pentelute. Four years after melanoma patients were treated with a personalized vaccine, the resulting immune response remains intact and effective at controlling cancer cells.

Belcher Shines Brighter

Advanced Materials

In a paper published in Advanced Materials, the Belcher Lab demonstrated recent advancements to their imaging system. First, they paired short-wave infrared organic dye molecules with gold nanorods to increase the brightness of their fluorescent probes. Then, collaborating with the Hammond and Irvine groups, they designed three different surface coatings to help target the fluorescent probes to tumors. In ovarian cancer mouse models, the researchers showed that the probes are not only brighter, but that all three coatings target efficiently to tumors, making them ideal for use in real-time imaging guided surgery.

This work was funded in part by the Koch Institute Frontier Research Program through the Curt and Kathy Marble Cancer Research Fund.

For pTyr's Sake

Cancer Research

White Lab researchers have developed a new method for profiling tyrosine phosphorylation, a cell signaling process that is often dysregulated in cancer. The high-throughput array, described in Cancer Research and funded in part by the MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, opens up new clinical avenues for personalized treatment based on cell signaling

Hungry for Answers

MIT News

Nearly 100 years ago, Otto Warburg discovered that cancer cells metabolize sugar differently than healthy cells, increasing fermentation to fuel their rapid proliferation despite being a less efficient way to extract energy from food. Today, as new cancer drugs targeting cell metabolism move into the clinic, understanding the mechanism behind this paradox remains as pressing as ever.

Research by the Vander Heiden Lab, published in Molecular Cell, shows how fermentation drives increased regeneration of a molecule known as NAD+, required to synthesize DNA and other cellular building blocks. Their findings offer a possible explanation for the metabolic mystery behind the Warburg Effect and could also explain why other fast-dividing cells turn to fermentation despite its relative inefficiency.

This work was funded in part by the Ludwig Center for Molecular Oncology, the MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine and the Lustgarten Foundation.

Disarming Cancer

Whitehead Institute

Weinberg and Spranger Lab researchers are studying the biology behind two of cancer's most deadly evolutions—metastasis and resistance to treatment. Previous work showed that quasi-mesenchymal cells cross-protect their epithelial neighbors in the same tumor and shield it from immune attack, keeping out cancer-destroying immune cells. In new work supported by the Ludwig Center for Molecular Oncology at MIT and appearing in Cancer Discovery, researchers identified six quasi-mesenchymal molecules that help carry out this defense. Of the six, the enzyme CD73 proved most effective in making breast carcinoma cells more vulnerable to immunotherapy and reducing the severity of metastasis.

New Year, New Faces

MIT Koch Institute

A trio of new Koch Institute extramural faculty members hails from MIT’s Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry. Katie Galloway connects basic research questions—in gene circuits, genome architecture, and cell-fate transitions—to tool development for biomedical applications. Laura Kiessling uses chemical biology to elucidate the biological roles of carbohydrates, with a focus on learning new mechanistic concepts. Ron Raines studies the chemical basis and biological purpose for protein structure and function. A hearty welcome to all!

NCI, MIT Cancer Research Turn 50

MIT Koch Institute

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the National Cancer Institute, the history of which is intimately linked with that of cancer research at MIT. Following passage of the National Cancer Act of 1971, Professor Salvador Luria, the Nobel prize-winning head of MIT’s Department of Biology, applied for and won funding to open one of the first NCI-designated cancer centers. The MIT Center for Cancer Research, predecessor to the Koch Institute, set the standard for investigating the fundamental nature of cancer, making key biological discoveries that helped shape the field and advance new treatments. Efforts are underway to name the KI Auditorium in Luria’s honor.

Read about Luria’s science and mentorship here.

Green Lights for KI Faculty Startups

MIT Koch Institute

The end of year brings new beginnings for KI faculty startups. Lumicell’s signature imaging system has been granted fast track designation approval for breast cancer treatment. Fate Therapeutics reports positive Phase 1 data for its combination immunotherapy as well as a promising case study for its targeted NK cell therapy, both in lymphoma patients. Verastem announces Phase 2 initiation for trials in recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer. Syros presents positive results from Phase 2 trials in acute myeloid leukemia and an initiation plan for future trials. Finally, Dragonfly Therapeutics has licensed its first NK cell based immunotherapy candidate to Merck.

Blazing Trails in Biopharma

Endpoints News

Dragonfly Therapeutics Head of Biology Ann Cheung is featured among Endpoints News’ top trailblazers in biopharmaceutical research & development. The profile chronicles her career transitions from her early years as the lone immuno-oncology researcher in the Jacks Lab to her current role moving NK cell therapies from bench to bedside. Longtime Koch Institute member Aviv Regev is also recognized for her groundbreaking work in single cell sequencing, computational biology, and genetics.

Division of Liver

Nature Communications

The Shalek Lab codiscovered a mechanism that helps damaged livers function while they regenerate. A study appearing in Nature Communications showed that liver cells increase transcription of important genes ahead of proliferation, and may even divide labor between cells that proliferate and those that maintain core functions. This contributes to a larger effort to identify stem cells in normal and cancerous liver tissue, and is funded in part by the MIT Stem Cell Initiative.